![]() To date, the complete assembly and accurate annotation of plant mitogenomes remain challenging due to their complex and often perplexing structure. Although more than 9000 complete mitogenomes have been deposited in NCBI Genbank (July 2020), only 235 of them belong to plants ( ), and the vast majority of these mitogenomes are from angiosperms. ![]() Since the first plant mitogenome of the common liverwort has been sequenced, not as many mitogenomes were sequenced and assembled in plants as in animals. Similar to other species, the Siberian larch mitogenome contains relatively few genes, and despite its huge size, the repeated and low complexity regions cover only 14.46% of the mitogenome sequence. Our study showed that the size of the Siberian larch mitogenome is much larger than in other so far studied Gymnosperms, and in the same range as for the annual flowering plant Silene conica (11.3 Mbp). We found few plasmid-like insertions representing only 0.11% of the entire Siberian larch mitogenome. The immense size of this genome, currently the largest reported, can be partly explained by variable numbers of mobile genetic elements, and introns, but unlikely by plasmid-related sequences. In total, 864 C-to-U RNA editing sites were found for 38 out of 40 protein-coding genes. In total, 40 protein-coding, 34 tRNA, and 3 rRNA genes and numerous repetitive elements (REs) were annotated in this mitogenome. The total size of the genome was estimated at 11.7 Mbp. The assembly of the Siberian larch mitogenome contained nine contigs, with the shortest and the largest contigs being 24,767 bp and 4,008,762 bp, respectively. Two sources of DNA sequences were used to search for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences: mtDNA enriched samples and nucleotide reads generated in the de novo whole genome sequencing project, respectively. ![]() Yet, despite its importance for evolutionary and population studies, the mitogenome of Siberian larch has not yet been assembled and studied. ![]() Among them, Siberian larch ( Larix sibirica Ledeb.) represents one of the keystone species in Siberian boreal forests. Conifers cover an ancient group of land plants that includes about 600 species, and which are of great ecological and economical value. To date, in comparison with the number of plant species, only a few plant mitogenomes have been sequenced and released, particularly for conifers (the Pinaceae family). Plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) can be structurally complex while their size can vary from ~ 222 Kbp in Brassica napus to 11.3 Mbp in Silene conica. ![]()
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![]() Reach out your left arm as far as it will go.This is important for maintaining good posture and preventing neck tightness. Plus, the SCM keeps your head balanced upright. ![]() Stretching the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle helps relieve neck tightness because this particular muscle plays a role in nearly all neck movement.
![]() You must be lying on your back, and your hands must be placed beside you on the ground. Begin this exercise in a lying position.Perform this exercise, according to the instructions mentioned below. This exercise especially shapes your lower body. You can increase the time according to your capacity. Perform at least three sets, and each set should be about 60 seconds.Perform this exercise in speed for the best results.Now put the knees down slowly and land on the ground on the ball of your feet.Now raise your right leg to your waist level. Start performing this exercise by standing straight.This exercise works on your hips and waist. This exercise is very easy to perform and can be done anywhere. At least three sets of 20 reps each must be performed.Now perform the same with another side i.e., right knee towards the chest and left elbow towards the right knee.Bring the elbow of the right hand towards the knee, which is raised above towards the chest.Now stretch your leg so that it forms an angle of 45° to the floor and move your upper body on the left side.Raise the shoulders a bit from the ground.Place both your hands under the head and bring the knee near to your chest.To start this exercise, you must first lie on the floor on your back and press your lower back on the floor.This exercise is great in burning calories and increases your metabolism. This exercise helps you to obtain an amazing and sexy body shape. It helps to shape your waistline and lower body fast and get a smaller waist. This type of crunches helps to work on your abs and obliques. Perform three sets of this exercise daily with 15 reps in each set to get the best results.Stay in this position for about 15-20 seconds.Then, raise your toes and squeeze the towel kept between your thighs.After this bent your knee forward and touched your palm on the walls, your palms must be extended in a way so that your back must be parallel to the ground.Place a folded towel between your thigh.You must ensure that your legs are placed together. To perform this exercise, start with a standing position and facing a wall.It also affects the lower body by working on the inner thighs, calves, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, and quads. This exercise helps to shape the waistline and get a smaller waist and reduces belly fat. C curve exercise–smaller waist and bigger Perform at least three sets of this exercise.Keep in this position for about 3-4 seconds, and after that, come back to the starting position. Now raise your hips from the ground and form a straight line from the body from your head to toe and try to squeeze the towel, which is kept between your thighs.Keep your legs close to each other and place a folded towel between your thighs.First of all, lie on the left side of the body.It affects your inner thighs, transverses abdominis, obliques, and rectus abdominis. This is one of the most effective and amazing exercises to slim your waist and shape your lower body. Perform at least three sets of this exercise with ten reps in each set on each side of the body to get the best results.Try to curl the pelvis as far as you can and make sure that you don’t hurt your back.You must ensure that the pelvis is tilting upwards towards the ribs. ![]()
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![]() Nothing is known of this time, but it is speculated that the first suits of human-developed powered armour were worn by the techno-barbarians that fought alongside the Emperor as he battled to bring Terra under his rule during the Unification Wars of the 30th Millennium. Space Marine power armour has a long and glorious history, having its origins in the long-forgotten time before the Emperor's unification of Mankind on Terra during the Unification Wars fought by his legions of gen-enhanced pseudo-Astartes, known as the Thunder Warriors. 8.11 Marks I, II, and III Tactical Dreadnought ArmoursĪ comparison of the size classes of various Adeptus Astartes armours as displayed by the Ultramarines from left to right, a Mark V Castraferrum Pattern Dreadnought, a Centurion, a Terminator in Indomitus Pattern Terminator Armour, a Space Marine in Mark VII Aquila Power Armour, and a Scout Marine in Scout Armour.8.10 Vulkan's Master-crafted Tactical Dreadnought Armour.8.9 Arkonak Pattern Tactical Dreadnought Armour.8.8 Saturnine Pattern Tactical Dreadnought Armour. ![]() 8.7 Aegis Pattern Tactical Dreadnought Armour.8.6 Tartaros Pattern Tactical Dreadnought Armour. ![]()
![]() ![]() On the other hand, prescribed burning is not a sport, it’s a tool, and it’s a tool that we should employ strategically – not for fun, or without specific objectives in mind. I am a strong and vocal advocate for the use of prescribed fire to manage both private and public lands. The planning, training, weather monitoring, equipment preparation, and black-lining were all done. Lighting the head fire of our prescribed burn last week. It’s sobering to know that something as mundane as extinguishing a torch led to injury, and that it could have been much worse than it was. Regardless of the cause, however, the aspect of the event that struck me the most was that our crew member was injured doing something he had done hundreds of times before. After the fire was wrapped up there was considerable discussion about what happened, and hopefully we all learned some things that will make us all safer in the future. It appears there were several things that contributed to the torch incident, possibly including some issues with the torch itself that caused excessive fuel to build up in the torch’s tip, making it particularly difficult to extinguish. After a quick trip to a nearby medical clinic, he was fine – though he had to shave off the remainder of his singed beard. Before he could get the bandana off of his head, he suffered small burns in several places. After trying and failing to smother the flame at the tip of the torch with a gloved hand (per protocol) the crew member then tried to blow the flame out, and some of the burning torch fuel splattered onto the cotton bandana around his neck. As if I needed a reminder of the danger, one of our crew was helping a partner organization with a fire last week and suffered some slight burns on his neck and face while trying to extinguish a drip torch. So far, I’ve never had anyone get injured on a fire I’ve been a part of, but that fortunate record certainly isn’t making me complacent. Between potential equipment mishaps and quickly-changing weather and fire conditions, there are numerous opportunities for someone to get hurt. The threat of injury is what makes prescribed fire especially stressful for me. No property was damaged and no one got hurt. ![]() Drip torch how to#Because we’d planned for each contingency, everyone knew how to react when the time came. In all of those cases, there were no serious repercussions, and our training and planning helped us deal effectively with unexpected circumstances. This spring, our first prescribed burn started out well, but the wind came up sooner than had been forecast, and we shut the fire down because a Red Flag Warning was issued. In another fire last year, I overestimated the strength of our blackline containing the fire, and the wind-driven head fire jumped it in one place, forcing us to quickly chase it down. Last spring, I wrote about a burn we did in which we ran into repeated equipment issues, and had to shut down for a while until we could get re-equipped and complete the burn. Unfortunately, even after all that planning, things still go wrong. How will we respond if someone gets hurt? For me, writing a good burn plan means thinking through all the worst case scenarios. What will we do if the fire gets away? What does the surrounding landscape offer in terms of safe areas and threats in the case of an escaped fire. Our plans detail the kinds of weather conditions and tactics needed to be successful, but also spend a lot of time on contingencies. Once we know what we’re aiming for, we write a burn plan that can help us achieve that in the safest way possible. That planning starts with setting clear ecological objectives (defining why we’re burning in the first place) which dictate the location, size, season, and even the tactics used during the fire. As always, we spend way more time planning our fires than implementing them. We’ve completed two prescribed fires so far this spring. Typically the fuel used is a mixture of petrol and diesel proportioned to a ratio of 30% to 70% respectively.A prescribed fire we conducted last week. (The spout and wick can be secured upside down inside the canister for storage or transport.)
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